Social Science (087) — CBSE Class 10 board question

Democracy is considered the best form of government because it promotes the dignity and freedom of every individual. The following points examine this statement:

1. Basis of Democracy: The passion for respect and freedom are the very foundation of democracy. Every individual desires respect from fellow beings, and democracy recognises this.

1. Recognition of Equality: Democracies across the world have recognised, at least in principle, that all individuals are equal, regardless of gender, caste, or religion.

1. Dignity of Women: Long struggles by women have made equal treatment a necessary ingredient of democratic society. In democracy, discrimination becomes legally and morally unacceptable.

1. Caste Inequalities: Democracy in India has strengthened the claims of disadvantaged castes for equal status and equal opportunity. Caste-based atrocities now lack legal and moral foundations.

1. Empowerment of Citizens: Democracy transforms people from subjects into citizens. People develop awareness and the ability to critically examine those in power, which itself is a sign of democratic success.

Thus, dignity and freedom are not just outcomes but the essence of democracy.

Source: Outcomes of Democracy, Chapter 5

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Examiners look for 5 distinct, well-labelled points covering: the philosophical basis (respect/freedom), recognition of equality in principle, specific examples (women's dignity, caste), legal/moral backing provided by democracy, and citizen empowerment. Use the textbook phrase "transforms people from the status of a subject into that of a citizen" — it scores well. Avoid vague general statements; ground each point in the chapter's argument.