Artificial Intelligence (417) — CBSE Class 10 board question

Differentiation:

| Basis | Artificial Intelligence (AI) | Machine Learning (ML) | Deep Learning (DL) |
|-------|-----------------------------|-----------------------|--------------------|
| Definition | Technique that enables computers to mimic human intelligence | Enables machines to improve at tasks with experience | Enables software to train itself using vast amounts of data |
| Scope | Broadest – umbrella term | Subset of AI | Subset of ML |
| Data needed | Works on algorithms and data fed to it | Learns from new data in each iteration | Requires huge/vast amounts of data |
| Algorithm | Predefined | Machine learns its own rules | Uses multiple ML algorithms (e.g., ANN) |

Venn Diagram:

```
┌─────────────────────────────┐
│ Artificial Intelligence │
│ ┌─────────────────────┐ │
│ │ Machine Learning │ │
│ │ ┌─────────────┐ │ │
│ │ │ Deep │ │ │
│ │ │ Learning │ │ │
│ │ └─────────────┘ │ │
│ └─────────────────────┘ │
└─────────────────────────────┘
```

• AI is the outermost/umbrella concept.
• ML is a subset of AI.
• DL is a subset of ML (uses multiple ML algorithms working together).

Source: Chapter 2, Section 2.1 – Revisiting AI, ML, DL

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• Examiners expect a clear table for differentiation (3 rows of differences = ~2 marks) and a labelled nested Venn diagram (~2 marks). Both parts are compulsory.
• Key phrase to remember: AI ⊃ ML ⊃ DL (nested/funnel relationship).
• The diagram must be labelled with all three terms clearly shown as concentric/nested shapes — marks are awarded for labels.
• Do not mix up DL and ML definitions: DL uses vast data + multiple ML algorithms, while ML learns from experience/feedback.