Q1. [1] § 3.3: Accuracy and Error § Assertion and reasoning-based questions
In the context of autonomous vehicle safety systems, which type of error would be most critical to minimize ?
- (A) False Positive (detecting danger when there isn't any)
- (B) False Negative (failing to detect actual danger)
- (C) True Positive (detecting danger correctly)
- (D) True Negative (correctly identifying that there is no danger)
Previously asked in CBSE board exam
2026 104 Q3 (i)
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-21 03:19 · grounding rag
Model Answer
(B) False Negative (failing to detect actual danger)
In safety-critical systems, missing actual danger (False Negative) is most critical to minimize, as undetected hazards can cause accidents or loss of life.
Explanation
- The source passage highlights that in medical diagnosis, avoiding missed detections (false negatives) is prioritised over overall accuracy — the same principle applies to autonomous vehicle safety.
- False Negative = model predicts "no danger" when danger actually exists → catastrophic consequence.
- False Positive = model detects danger when there isn't any → inconvenient but not life-threatening (vehicle brakes unnecessarily).
- Examiners expect you to link the concept of minimising error to the real-world consequence of the error type, not just define the term.
Source: Chapter 3, Section 3.3 — Accuracy and Error
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