Q1. [1] § Assertion and reasoning-based questions § Case study-based questions
In a quality control system for manufacturing, which scenario represents a false negative?
- (A) When a defective product is correctly identified as defective.
- (B) When a non-defective product is inaccurately identified as defective.
- (C) When a non-defective product is correctly identified as non-defective.
- (D) When a defective product is mistakenly identified as non-defective.
Previously asked in CBSE board exam
2025 104/S Q3 (v)
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-21 03:19 · grounding rag
Model Answer
(D) When a defective product is mistakenly identified as non-defective.
A false negative means the model fails to detect a positive (defective) case, incorrectly labelling it as negative (non-defective).
Explanation
- False Negative (FN): The actual condition is positive (defective), but the model predicts negative (non-defective) — the defect is missed.
- Option (A) = True Positive; Option (B) = False Positive; Option (C) = True Negative.
- Remember the key rule: "False Negative = missed detection of a real positive case." This concept is directly linked to Recall/Sensitivity, which penalises false negatives.
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