Artificial Intelligence (417) — CBSE Class 10 board question

| Basis | Machine Learning (ML) | Deep Learning (DL) |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Enables machines to improve at tasks with experience; learns from mistakes. | Enables software to train itself using vast amounts of data with multiple ML algorithms. |
| Data Requirement | Works with relatively smaller datasets. | Requires huge/vast amounts of data. |
| Algorithm | Uses single ML algorithms; cannot develop its own. | Uses multiple ML algorithms (ANN/CNN); machines develop algorithms for themselves. |
| Subset | Subset of AI. | Subset of ML (more specific). |

Source: Chapter 2, Section 2.1 – Revisiting AI, ML, DL

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• Examiners expect a tabular comparison for "differentiate" questions — it earns full marks cleanly.
• Key contrast points: DL needs vast data, uses multiple ML algorithms working together, and is a subset of ML, whereas ML is a subset of AI.
• Remember the hierarchy: AI ⊃ ML ⊃ DL (funnel/Venn diagram concept).
• Avoid writing lengthy paragraphs for a 2-mark differentiation — 2–3 clear points in a table are sufficient.