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Mathematics — CBSE Class 10 board question

Q1. [4]
In Mathematics, relations can be expressed in various ways. The matchstick patterns are based on linear relations. Different strategies can be used to calculate the number of matchsticks used in different figures. One such pattern is shown below. The figures show triangles made of matchsticks: Figure 1 (1 triangle), Figure 2 (2 triangles), Figure 3 (3 triangles), and so on.
Observe the pattern and answer the following questions using Arithmetic Progression:
  1. (a) Write the AP for the number of triangles used in the figures. Also, write the $n$th term of this AP. [2]
  2. (b) Which figure has 61 matchsticks? [2]
Previously asked in CBSE board exam
2022 30/1/1 Q13
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-15 10:32 · grounding stimulus
Model Answer

(a)
Number of triangles in each figure: 1, 2, 3, 4, …

This is an AP with first term a = 1 and common difference d = 1.

The *n*th term: $a_n = a + (n-1)d = 1 + (n-1)(1) = n$

So, $a_n = n$

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(b)
For triangles in a row, matchsticks used = $2n + 1$ (each new triangle adds 2 matchsticks to the previous figure, starting with 3).

AP for matchsticks: 3, 5, 7, … with a = 3, d = 2.

Given $a_n = 61$:

$$a + (n-1)d = 61$$
$$3 + (n-1)(2) = 61$$
$$(n-1)(2) = 58$$
$$n - 1 = 29 \Rightarrow n = 30$$

Figure 30 has 61 matchsticks.

Source: Arithmetic Progressions, Linear Relations through Matchstick Patterns

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Explanation
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