| Basis | Pollination | Fertilisation |
|---|---|---|
| Definition | Transfer of pollen grains from anther to stigma | Fusion of male germ-cell with female gamete (egg cell) in the ovule |
| Nature | External process; may involve agents like wind, water, or animals | Internal process occurring inside the ovary |
Examiners expect two clear, contrasting points. The most scoring approach is a small table or two labelled points. Key distinction: pollination is transfer (external), fertilisation is fusion (internal). Avoid vague language — use textbook terms: anther, stigma, male germ-cell, ovule, zygote.
Source: Chapter 7, Section 7.3.2 — Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants