Social Science (087) — CBSE Class 10 board question

Transformation of Markets in Recent Years:

1. Wide variety of goods: Earlier, only a few brands were available (e.g., only Ambassador and Fiat cars). Today, Indians can buy cars from nearly all top global companies. A similar explosion of brands is seen in shirts, televisions, and processed juices.

1. Role of MNCs: More MNCs have invested in India in sectors like cell phones, automobiles, electronics, fast food, and banking, increasing consumer choice and creating new jobs.

1. Better quality at lower prices: Greater competition among local and foreign producers has improved product quality and reduced prices, raising living standards of consumers.

1. Technology: Improvements in transportation, telecommunications, computers, and the Internet have enabled faster movement of goods and services across countries.

1. Indian companies going global: Companies like Tata Motors, Infosys, and Ranbaxy have themselves emerged as MNCs, spreading operations worldwide.

1. New service opportunities: IT-enabled services like data entry, call centres, and accounting are now exported, creating fresh opportunities for Indian companies.

Source: Chapter 4 — Globalisation and the Indian Economy

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• The examiner expects you to link market transformation directly to globalisation, MNCs, technology, and consumer impact.
• Use specific examples from the chapter: Ambassador/Fiat → global car brands; Tata Motors, Infosys as Indian MNCs.
• 5 marks = ~5 distinct points. Avoid writing an essay; crisp numbered points score well in board exams.
• Key terms to include: MNCs, globalisation, competition, technology, SEZs (briefly if relevant).