Social Science (087) — CBSE Class 10 board question

Roadways have an edge over railways due to the following reasons:

1. Lower construction cost: The cost of constructing roads is much lower than that of railway lines.

1. Suitable for difficult terrain: Roads can traverse dissected and undulating topography and can negotiate higher gradients, enabling connectivity even in the Himalayas.

1. Economical for short distances: Road transport is economical for transporting fewer persons and smaller amounts of goods over short distances.

1. Door-to-door service: Roads provide door-to-door service, reducing the cost of loading and unloading significantly.

1. Feeder to other transport modes: Roads act as feeders to railways, airports, and seaports, ensuring last-mile connectivity.

India has the second largest road network in the world, aggregating to about 62.16 lakh km (2020–21).

Source: Chapter 7 — Transport, Roadways section

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• The question directly matches a passage from the textbook. Use the five specific reasons listed in the source — examiners expect these exact points.
• Each point should be a crisp one-liner; avoid elaborating beyond what the textbook states.
• Adding the concluding fact about India's road network shows awareness of the chapter's opening line and can earn a bonus impression.
• Do not write about railways' disadvantages — the question asks only why roadways have an edge, so stay focused.