Social Science (087) — CBSE Class 10 board question

Economic Implications:

1. Industrial Growth in India: While Britain was preoccupied with war, industries developed in India, allowing Indian manufacturers to fill the gap in domestic markets.

1. Britain's Weakened Hold: After the war, Britain struggled to recapture its dominant position in the Indian market, reducing colonial economic control.

1. War Boom followed by Unemployment: The war created an economic boom (high demand, production, employment), but once it ended, production contracted and unemployment rose sharply.

1. Rise in Prices and Debt: War expenditures were financed through heavy borrowing, leading to economic instability and inflation.

Political Implications:

1. Nationalist Pressure: Under pressure of nationalist opinion, the colonial government extended tariff protection to Indian industries — a political concession to Indian demands.

1. Women's Role Expanded: As men went to war, women entered the workforce, gradually shifting social and political dynamics.

These transformations deepened India's desire for self-governance and contributed to growing anti-colonial sentiment.

Source: Chapter 3, Section 3.1 – Wartime Transformations; Section 3.2 – Post-war Recovery

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• Examiners expect both economic and political dimensions clearly addressed — label them.
• Key points from the textbook: industrial development in India, Britain's weakened market position, war boom → post-war unemployment, tariff protection as a political concession, and women entering workforce.
• Avoid writing about the Great Depression here — that is a separate topic (Section 3.5).
• Stick to about 5 crisp points for a 5-mark answer; avoid lengthy elaboration on any single point.