Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-15 06:56 · grounding rag
Model Answer
Three causes of the Civil Disobedience Movement:
- Peasant grievances: Rich peasants like the Patidars of Gujarat were badly hit by the trade depression and falling prices. Their cash incomes vanished, yet the government refused to reduce revenue demands, causing widespread resentment.
- Business class opposition to colonial policies: Indian industrialists wanted protection against foreign imports and freedom from colonial restrictions on trade. They supported the movement hoping swaraj would allow trade and industry to flourish without constraints.
- Salt Law and Purna Swaraj demand: The Congress adopted the demand for complete independence (Purna Swaraj) in December 1929. In March 1930, Gandhiji launched the movement by breaking the unjust salt law at Dandi, making salt a powerful symbol of resistance.
Source: Chapter 2, Sections 3.2 and 1.3
---
Explanation
The examiner expects three distinct, well-labelled causes — one point per mark. Each cause needs a brief reason, not just a heading. The most commonly expected causes from this chapter are: peasant economic hardship (revenue/depression), business class resentment of colonial economic policies, and the political demand for Purna Swaraj/salt law as trigger. Avoid listing participants alone — state why they joined or what caused the movement.