Social Science — CBSE Class 10 board question

Steel Manufacturing Process (based on the flowchart):

1. Transport of Raw Materials to Plant: Raw materials — iron ore, coking coal, and limestone (in the ratio 4:2:1) along with some manganese — are transported to the steel plant.

1. Blast Furnace (Melting): The raw materials are fed into a blast furnace where they are melted at very high temperatures to produce molten metal.

1. Pig Iron: The molten metal obtained from the blast furnace is called pig iron. It is crude iron with high carbon content.

1. Steel Making: Pig iron is then processed further — impurities are removed and carbon content is controlled — to convert it into steel.

1. Shaping Metal: Finally, the steel is shaped into desired forms such as rods, sheets, bars, or beams for use in various industries.

Source: Iron and Steel Industry, Chapter 6

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• The examiner wants you to explain each stage of the flowchart in sequence — 5 stages = 5 marks, so give one clear point per stage.
• Use the flowchart labels as headings/points and add brief explanatory detail from the chapter (raw material ratio, blast furnace, pig iron, etc.).
• Do not skip any step shown in the flowchart; each step carries marks.
• The ratio 4:2:1 (iron ore : coking coal : limestone) is a key fact the chapter mentions — include it to score full marks.