Social Science (087) — CBSE Class 10 board question

Three measures to increase employment in rural areas:

1. Irrigation facilities: Government or banks can fund construction of wells, dams, and canals so farmers can grow a second crop, generating more agricultural employment and reducing underemployment.

1. Setting up agro-based industries: Establishing dal mills, cold storages, food processing units, and honey collection centres in semi-rural areas provides employment to farmers and others locally.

1. MGNREGA 2005: Under this Act, the government guarantees 100 days of paid employment per year to rural workers who need work. If employment is not provided, unemployment allowance is given.

Source: How to Create More Employment?, Chapter 2

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• Each point = 1 mark. Name the measure + briefly explain it.
• Examiners look for three distinct, relevant measures with a line of explanation each.
• MGNREGA is almost always expected as one of the measures in this question.
• Avoid vague points like "provide money" — be specific (irrigation, credit, agro-industries, roads, MGNREGA).