Social Science (087) — CBSE Class 10 board question

Pipelines are significant because:

• They transport crude oil, petroleum products, and natural gas from fields to refineries, fertilizer factories, and thermal power plants efficiently.
• Initial cost is high, but running costs are minimal.
• They rule out trans-shipment losses and delays, enabling inland refineries like Barauni and Mathura to function.

Source: Chapter 7, Pipelines

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The examiner expects two main points worth 1 mark each: (1) the uses/function of pipelines (transporting oil, gas, petroleum products to refineries/factories) and (2) the economic advantages (low running cost, no trans-shipment losses). Mentioning specific examples like Barauni or Mathura adds value but is not strictly required. Avoid listing pipeline networks unless specifically asked — that belongs to a longer answer.