Social Science (087) — CBSE Class 10 board question

Workers in the unorganised sector need protection due to the following reasons:

1. Low and irregular wages: Workers like landless agricultural labourers, street vendors, and construction workers earn very low wages with no job security.

1. Exploitation: Many organised sector enterprises operate informally to evade taxes and avoid labour laws, forcing workers into exploitative conditions.

1. Vulnerable groups: Rural workers — small/marginal farmers, sharecroppers, artisans — need support through timely credit, seeds, storage, and marketing facilities.

1. Urban workers: Casual workers in construction, garment makers, rag pickers, and head load workers have no benefits or security.

1. Social discrimination: Workers from SC/ST and backward communities face both economic hardship and social discrimination in the unorganised sector.

Conclusion: Protection and support are necessary for both economic and social development of the nation.

Source: How to Protect Workers in the Unorganised Sector, Chapter 2

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• Examiners expect 5 distinct points for a 5-mark answer — one point per mark is the safe strategy.
• Mention both rural and urban examples; the passage explicitly covers both.
• Include the social discrimination angle (SC/ST) — it's a key textbook point often missed.
• The conclusion line about "economic and social development" is a direct textbook phrase — use it as it signals you've read the chapter carefully.
• Avoid writing a long essay; crisp labelled points score better in board exams.