Social Science (087) — CBSE Class 10 board question

The Greek war of independence (beginning 1821) was a key event that aroused nationalist sentiments across Europe:

1. Historical significance: Greece had been under Ottoman rule since the 15th century. The growth of revolutionary nationalism in Europe inspired Greeks to struggle for independence.

1. Support from exiles: Greek nationalists received support from Greeks living abroad, who helped fund and organise the movement.

1. Sympathy of West Europeans: Many West Europeans sympathised with ancient Greek culture, seeing Greece as the cradle of European civilisation.

1. Role of artists and poets: Poets and artists mobilised public opinion in favour of Greece. The French painter Delacroix depicted the massacre at Chios, creating emotional sympathy for Greeks.

1. Lord Byron's contribution: The English poet Lord Byron organised funds and personally fought in the war, dying there in 1824.

1. Outcome: The Treaty of Constantinople (1832) recognised Greece as an independent nation, inspiring other subject nationalities across Europe.

Source: Chapter 1 – Nationalism in Europe

---

• Examiners expect 5 distinct points for a 5-mark answer — one point per mark is the safe formula.
• Mention Lord Byron and the Treaty of Constantinople (1832) — these are frequently asked specifics.
• Connecting the Greek struggle to broader European nationalism (inspiring other nations) adds analytical value.
• Avoid writing a general essay on nationalism; keep every point tied to Greece specifically.