Social Science — CBSE Class 10 board question

Three major challenges faced by political parties in India are:

1. Lack of internal democracy – Power is concentrated in the hands of one or a few top leaders. Ordinary members have no say in decision-making, and there are no transparent organisational elections.

1. Dynastic succession – Top positions are passed on to family members of leaders rather than to capable workers, limiting opportunities for talented members.

1. Role of money and muscle power – Parties increasingly rely on criminals and wealthy individuals to win elections, which has promoted criminalisation of politics.

Source: Chapter 4, Political Parties (Challenges to Political Parties section)

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• The examiner expects exactly these three challenges from the textbook — internal democracy, dynastic succession, and money/muscle power. These are the standard three points NCERT lists.
• Each point needs a brief explanation (not just a label) to earn full marks. One point ≈ 1 mark.
• Do not pad with extra challenges; three clear, explained points are sufficient for 3 marks.