Social Science — CBSE Class 10 board question

Impact of Globalisation on the Indian Economy

Positive Impacts:

1. Greater consumer choice: Globalisation and competition have improved quality and lowered prices of goods, raising living standards — especially for urban, well-off consumers.

1. Increased MNC investment: MNCs have invested in sectors like automobiles, electronics, cell phones, and banking, creating new jobs and benefiting local suppliers.

1. Growth of Indian MNCs: Companies like Tata Motors, Infosys, and Ranbaxy have expanded worldwide, aided by technology upgrades and foreign collaborations.

1. New service opportunities: IT-based services — call centres, data entry, accounting — have grown rapidly, generating employment.

Negative Impacts:

1. Unequal benefits: Small producers and workers in unorganised sectors face intense competition from MNCs and have often suffered losses.

1. Flexible labour laws: To attract foreign investment, governments allowed companies to hire workers on short-term contracts, reducing job security and workers' rights.

1. Unfair trade: WTO rules have forced developing countries to remove trade barriers, while developed nations continue subsidising their farmers, harming Indian agriculture.

Source: Chapter 4 — Globalisation and the Indian Economy

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• Examiners expect both positive and negative points clearly separated — use headings or numbering.
• Quote specific examples from the textbook: Tata Motors, Infosys, SEZs, WTO, flexible labour laws — these earn full marks.
• Avoid vague statements; each point must be precise and tied to the Indian context.
• 5 marks = roughly 5 distinct points (2–3 positive + 2–3 negative) with brief explanation for each.