Social Science — CBSE Class 10 board question

Railways are called the backbone of the national transport system for the following reasons:

1. Large network: Indian Railways is one of the longest rail networks in the world, connecting almost all parts of the country.

1. Carrying capacity: Railways can carry heavy and bulky goods as well as large numbers of passengers over long distances at relatively low cost.

1. Economic development: They link industries with raw material sources and markets, thus facilitating trade and commerce across the country.

1. Integration: Railways integrate diverse regions, cultures and economies, promoting national unity and socio-economic development.

1. Employment: They provide direct and indirect employment to millions of people.

1. Feeder role: Railways work in coordination with roadways, waterways and airways, acting as the primary carrier in India's overall transport network.

Thus, railways form the most important and indispensable mode of transport in India.

Source: Transport and Communication, Chapter 7

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• Examiners expect 5 distinct points for a 5-mark answer — one point per mark is the safe rule.
• Mention capacity, connectivity, economic role, national integration, and coordination with other modes to cover all dimensions.
• Avoid copying roadways/waterways facts from the passage; focus on railways specifically.
• The phrase "backbone" should be echoed in your opening or closing line to directly address the statement being justified.