Social Science (087) — CBSE Class 10 board question

Public Sector: The government owns most assets and provides services. The main motive is public welfare, not profit. Funds are raised through taxes. Examples: Indian Railways, Post Office.

Private Sector: Ownership of assets and delivery of services is in the hands of private individuals or companies. The main motive is to earn profit. Examples: Tata Iron and Steel Company Limited (TISCO), Reliance Industries Limited (RIL).

The government takes up activities that the private sector will not provide at a reasonable cost, such as construction of roads, bridges, and dams.

Source: Chapter 2 — Sectors in Terms of Ownership: Public and Private Sectors

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• The examiner expects two clear points of distinction (ownership + motive) for full marks, each supported by an example.
• Naming specific companies (TISCO, RIL, Indian Railways) from the textbook scores better than generic examples.
• Adding why government runs public sector (welfare, heavy spending, not profitable for private sector) rounds off the third mark neatly.
• Avoid writing long paragraphs; crisp contrast with examples is what CBSE rewards here.