Science — CBSE Class 10 board question

(i)
(a) Vas deferens — carries sperm
(b) Testes — production of male gametes
(c) Seminal vesicles and prostate gland — secretion makes transport of sperms easier
(d) Scrotum — provides suitable temperature for sperm formation

(ii) Two characteristics of sperms:

• Sperms are microscopic and motile (have a tail for movement).
• They carry genetic information (half the chromosomes) from the male parent.

(iii) Surgical contraceptive methods involve blocking the reproductive ducts by surgery — vasectomy (blocking vas deferens in males) and tubectomy (blocking fallopian tubes in females). This prevents the sperm/egg from reaching the site of fertilisation.

Side effect: If surgery is not performed properly, it can cause infections and other complications. Also, such methods may be misused for illegal sex-selective abortions, threatening the female-male sex ratio.

Source: Chapter 7, Section 7.3.3(d) — Reproductive Health

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• Part (i) tests direct recall of the male reproductive system; examiner expects the correct organ name for each function — do not write explanations, just the organ.
• Part (ii): any two logical, distinct characteristics earn full marks; motility and genetic material are safest choices.
• Part (iii): name both surgeries (vasectomy/tubectomy), state what is blocked, then give the textbook side effect — infection due to improper surgery is the exact point the textbook mentions. Mention of sex-selective misuse adds completeness for a 2-mark part.