Science — CBSE Class 10 board question

(i) Renal Artery: It supplies oxygenated blood (containing nitrogenous wastes like urea) to the kidneys for filtration.

(ii) Urethra: It carries urine from the urinary bladder to the outside of the body for elimination.

(iii) Glomerulus: It is a cluster of thin-walled capillaries where filtration of blood takes place — water, urea, glucose, salts pass into the Bowman's capsule.

(iv) Tubular part of nephron: It performs selective reabsorption — useful substances like glucose, amino acids, salts and water are reabsorbed back into the blood from the filtrate.

Source: Chapter 5, Section 5.5.1 – Excretion in Human Beings

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• Each part carries 1 mark, so one clear, specific function per part is enough — no elaboration needed.
• Examiners look for the key function word: filtration (glomerulus), reabsorption (tubule), elimination/passage of urine (urethra), supply of blood with wastes (renal artery).
• Don't confuse ureter (carries urine from kidney to bladder) with urethra (bladder to outside).
• "Selective reabsorption" is the expected term for the tubular part — use it.