Name the hormone released and the gland which secretes it in human beings during scary situations. How does the body respond to enable it to deal with the situation ?
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-15 06:49 · grounding rag
Model Answer
Hormone: Adrenaline
Gland: Adrenal glands (located above the kidneys)
Adrenaline is secreted directly into the blood and carried to various target organs. The body responds as follows:
- Heart: Beats faster, supplying more oxygen to muscles.
- Blood vessels: Blood supply to digestive system and skin is reduced; blood is diverted to skeletal muscles.
- Breathing: Rate increases due to contraction of diaphragm and rib muscles.
These responses together prepare the body to either fight or flee from the scary situation.
Source: Chapter 6, Section 6.3 — Hormones in Animals
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Explanation
- The question has three parts embedded: (1) name the hormone, (2) name the gland, (3) describe the body's response — award ~1 mark each.
- Examiners expect all three responses (heart rate, blood diversion, breathing) to be mentioned; missing even one may cost a mark.
- "Adrenal glands" must be named specifically — writing only "endocrine gland" is insufficient.
- The phrase "fight or flight" context is useful to set up the answer but is not mandatory.