Q1. [4]
Kidneys are vital organs for survival. Several factors like infections, injury or restricted blood flow to kidneys reduce the activity of kidneys. This leads to accumulation of poisonous wastes in the body, which can even lead to death. In case of kidney failure, an artificial kidney can be used. An artificial kidney is a device to remove waste products from the blood through dialysis.
Answer the following questions :
- (a) (i) Name the artery that brings oxygenated blood to the kidney.
(ii) Name the cluster of thin-walled blood capillaries present in the Bowman's capsule. [1]
- (b) In human excretory system name the organ which stores urine. Is this organ under hormonal control or nervous control ? [1]
- (c) Answer either (i) or (ii): [2]
Previously asked in CBSE board exam
2024 31/4/1 Q38
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-11 09:51 · grounding stimulus
I notice sub-question (c) is incomplete — the two options (i) and (ii) are not provided. I'll answer (a) and (b) fully, and note the gap for (c).
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Model Answer
(a)
(i) Renal artery brings oxygenated blood to the kidney.
(ii) The cluster of thin-walled blood capillaries in the Bowman's capsule is called the glomerulus.
(b) The urinary bladder stores urine. It is under nervous control — the stretching of the bladder wall sends a signal to the brain, which initiates the urge to urinate.
(c) (Sub-question (c) options (i) and (ii) are missing from the question. Please provide the options so this part can be answered.)
Source: Life Processes, Excretion in Human Beings
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Explanation
- Renal artery / glomerulus are standard one-word answers examiners expect; spelling must be correct.
- For (b), many students confuse hormonal and nervous control — urinary bladder is nervous (not hormonal). State the organ + type of control + a brief reason for full marks.
- For (c), once the options are provided, budget ~40–50 words (about 4 points) for a 2-mark answer.
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