Science — CBSE Class 10 board question

(i) X – Stigma (female reproductive part / pistil)
Y – Anther (part of stamen / male reproductive part)

(ii) The yellowish coloured structures produced by part Y (anther) are pollen grains.

(iii) The process by which pollen grains are transferred from the anther (Y) to the stigma (X) is called Pollination.

(iv) After pollination, the pollen grain on the stigma grows a pollen tube which travels through the style to reach the ovary. The male germ-cell from the pollen fuses with the egg cell (female gamete) in the ovule — this is called fertilisation, forming a zygote.

The zygote divides several times to form an embryo inside the ovule. The ovule develops a tough coat and becomes a seed. The ovary grows and ripens to form a fruit. Under suitable conditions, the seed germinates and develops into a new plant.

Source: Chapter 7, Section 7.3.2 – Sexual Reproduction in Flowering Plants

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• For (i), from the diagram context and the passage: stamen produces pollen (yellow) → anther is part Y; stigma is the terminal sticky part of pistil → part X.
• For (ii), the passage explicitly states "it produces pollen grains that are yellowish in colour."
• For (iii), the term "pollination" is the exact term to use; mention self/cross only if marks demand it.
• For (iv) (2 marks ≈ 40–50 words): cover pollen tube growth → fertilisation → zygote → embryo → ovule becomes seed → ovary becomes fruit. These are the key sequential steps examiners look for. Do not omit "fertilisation" or "zygote" — they are scoring terms.