AI-generated practice question — model-generated for extra practice, not a previous-year CBSE board question.
(B) Proto-industrialisation
Historians use the term proto-industrialisation to describe the phase of large-scale industrial production for an international market that existed before factories were set up.
The passage explicitly states: "Many historians now refer to this phase of industrialisation as proto-industrialisation." This was production based not on factories but on merchants employing peasants and artisans in the countryside. For a 1-mark MCQ, simply selecting (B) with a one-line justification is sufficient.