Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

Dalit participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement remained limited because Dalit leaders sought political empowerment — reserved seats in educational institutions and a separate electorate — as the solution to their social disabilities. They believed Congress had long ignored their community to avoid offending conservative high-caste Hindus.

Gandhi's approach: He called untouchables harijan (children of God), organised satyagraha for temple entry and access to public spaces, and urged upper castes to give up untouchability. He believed social reform and integration into Hindu society would solve the problem.

Ambedkar's approach: He organised Dalits into the Depressed Classes Association (1930) and demanded separate electorates, arguing political empowerment would resolve social disabilities. At the Second Round Table Conference he clashed with Gandhi on this. After Gandhi's fast unto death, the Poona Pact (1932) was signed — granting reserved seats in legislative councils but voting through the general electorate.

Source: Chapter 2, Section 3.3 — The Limits of Civil Disobedience

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• This is a 3-mark question: examiners want one reason for limited participation + Gandhi's view + Ambedkar's view, each briefly stated.
• Mention Depressed Classes Association, Poona Pact, and separate electorate as key terms — they fetch marks.
• Don't write long paragraphs; crisp points or two short paragraphs work best here.
• The contrast between Gandhi (social/moral reform) and Ambedkar (political/structural solution) is the core of the answer.