Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

Limitation of the Rowlatt Satyagraha: The Rowlatt Satyagraha was largely limited to cities and towns; it did not draw in the Muslim community on a large scale, making it difficult to build a truly broad-based, united national movement.

How it shaped Gandhi's decision on Khilafat: Gandhi saw the Khilafat issue — the Muslim concern over the dismemberment of the Ottoman Caliphate by the British after World War I — as an opportunity to bring Hindus and Muslims together under one mass movement. By linking Non-Cooperation with the Khilafat cause, he aimed to overcome the limitation of a movement confined to one community, forging Hindu-Muslim unity and expanding the movement's social base across the country.

Source: Chapter 2 — The Nationalist Movement in India, Section 1.3 Why Non-cooperation?

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• Examiners look for two parts: (1) naming the limitation clearly — narrow social/communal base — and (2) connecting it logically to Gandhi's Khilafat strategy.
• The key link is Hindu-Muslim unity: Gandhi used the Khilafat grievance to bring Muslims into the Non-Cooperation Movement.
• Note: The passages hint at Gandhi's goal of uniting all Indians through satyagraha's dharma of non-violence; the Khilafat angle is the practical step toward that goal.
• Avoid writing a lengthy essay — 3 marks = ~70 words, tightly organised in 2 short parts.