Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

Industries pollute land when solid wastes such as chemicals, industrial effluents, salts, and harmful packaging materials are dumped on land, rendering the soil useless. When rain falls, the water percolates through the soil, carrying these pollutants downward with it. This contaminated water seeps deeper into the earth and eventually reaches the groundwater reserves, thus contaminating them. In this way, land pollution indirectly leads to groundwater pollution through the action of rainwater.

Source: Industrial Pollution and Environmental Degradation, Chapter 6

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• The key chain is: solid waste dumped on land → rainwater percolates → carries pollutants into soil → groundwater gets contaminated.
• The textbook directly states: "Rain water percolates to the soil carrying the pollutants to the ground and the ground water also gets contaminated." Use this line's logic in your answer.
• Mention specific examples of solid wastes (chemicals, salts, glass, effluents) for full marks.
• Avoid writing beyond ~80 words — this is 3 marks, not a long-answer question.