Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

Advantages of Pipeline Transport for Crude Oil and Natural Gas:

1. Low running cost: Although initial cost of laying pipelines is high, subsequent running costs are minimal.
2. No trans-shipment losses or delays: It rules out losses and delays caused by loading/unloading at multiple points.
3. Reaches inland locations: Pipelines enable refineries and fertilizer plants at far inland locations (like Barauni, Mathura, Panipat) that would otherwise be difficult to supply.
4. Can transport solids too: Solids can be transported through pipelines when converted into slurry.

Source: Chapter 7 — Lifelines of National Economy, Pipelines section

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• Examiners expect 3–4 distinct points for a 3-mark answer; each point should be clearly labelled or separated.
• Stick to what the passage states — avoid adding facts not mentioned in the textbook.
• The key contrast point (high initial cost but minimal running cost) is a favourite exam point — always include it.
• "Rules out trans-shipment losses or delays" is a direct textbook line — use it as-is for full marks.