Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

Organic chemical plants are located near oil refineries or petrochemical plants because their primary raw material is petroleum/petrochemicals. Since these raw materials are bulky and expensive to transport, industries must be situated close to their source to reduce costs and ensure steady supply.

Inorganic chemical plants, on the other hand, use a wide variety of raw materials such as sulphuric acid, soda ash, alkalies, and caustic soda, which are produced across the country. These inputs are available widely, so the plants are not tied to any single location and can spread across different regions.

Thus, raw material availability determines the locational pattern of both types.

Source: Chemical Industries, Chapter 6

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• The key concept here is raw material linkage — organic chemicals depend on petroleum, which is available only near refineries/petrochemical plants; inorganic chemicals use varied, widely available raw materials.
• Examiners expect you to contrast both clearly. Don't just describe one — state the reason for each type.
• The phrase "bulky raw materials" or "material index" is relevant: transporting crude petroleum/petrochemicals is costly, so proximity to source is essential for organic plants.