Why is India's increasing dependence on fossil fuels considered unsustainable in the long run? Suggest any three measures — at the individual and government level — to promote energy conservation.
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-26 13:33 · grounding rag
Model Answer
India's dependence on fossil fuels (coal, oil, gas) is unsustainable because they are non-renewable, their rising prices create energy insecurity, and their increased use causes serious environmental problems.
Three measures to promote energy conservation:
- Individual level: Use public transport instead of personal vehicles and switch off electricity when not in use.
- Individual/Household level: Use power-saving devices and solar energy panels at home.
- Government level: Promote and develop renewable energy sources — solar, wind, biogas, and tidal energy — through large-scale programmes.
Source: Conservation of Energy Resources & Non-Conventional Sources of Energy, Chapter 5
---
Explanation
- The question has two parts: why unsustainable (1 mark) + three measures (2 marks). Keep the reason crisp — one sentence with two or three causes from the passage.
- Measures must be specific and exam-relevant. Examiners accept individual-level and government-level answers together; you don't need to strictly separate them unless the question demands it.
- Key phrases to include: "non-renewable," "rising prices/energy insecurity," "environmental problems," and at least two named renewable sources.
- Quoting "energy saved is energy produced" can fetch appreciation but isn't mandatory.