AI-generated practice question — model-generated for extra practice, not a previous-year CBSE board question.
(A) Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of A.
The textbook states that multiplying urban centres with large and dense populations have added to water and energy requirements, leading housing societies to install their own groundwater pumping devices — directly explaining A.
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The passage explicitly links both statements: urban population growth → increased water/energy demand → over-exploitation of groundwater → housing societies relying on private pumping devices. Since R directly causes A, option (A) is correct. Students must check whether R logically and directly explains A, not just whether both are true.