AI-generated practice question — model-generated for extra practice, not a previous-year CBSE board question.
(C) Punjab
Over-irrigation is the main cause of land degradation in Punjab (and Haryana, western UP), leading to waterlogging and increased salinity/alkalinity in the soil.
Source: Resources and Development, Land Degradation and Conservation Measures
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The passage clearly states: "In the states of Punjab, Haryana, western Uttar Pradesh, over irrigation is responsible for land degradation due to water logging." The textbook exercise also confirms this — Q1(i) in the Exercises lists over-irrigation as the main cause for Punjab. Students often confuse this with overgrazing (Gujarat, Rajasthan) or deforestation due to mining (Jharkhand). Always link Punjab → over-irrigation → waterlogging → salinity/alkalinity.