Mountains cover about 30% of India's total surface area and are generally unsuitable for agriculture, yet the…

Question

Mountains cover about 30% of India's total surface area and are generally unsuitable for agriculture, yet they are regarded as invaluable to India's development. Justify this by explaining the economic and ecological significance of mountainous regions for the country.

Accepted Answer

## Model Answer Mountains cover 30% of India's surface area and are invaluable despite being unsuitable for agriculture due to the following reasons: **Economic significance:** - They ensure **perennial flow of rivers**, which supports agriculture in plains, drinking water supply, and hydroelectric power generation. - They provide excellent **facilities for tourism**, generating employment and income. **Ecological significance:** - Mountains support rich **biodiversity**, including forests, wildlife, and varied vegetation. - They maintain **ecological balance** by regulating climate, preventing soil erosion, and acting as water catchment areas. Thus, mountains are crucial to India's economic and ecological well-being. *Source: Resources and Development, Land Resources* --- ## Explanation The textbook directly states that mountains "ensure perennial flow of some rivers, provide facilities for tourism and ecological aspects." Expand these three points slightly for a 3-mark answer. Exami…

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