Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

Under global competition, large MNCs seek the cheapest goods to maximise profits, forcing Indian exporters to cut labour costs. Employers now prefer flexible employment — hiring workers temporarily instead of permanently.

Consequences for workers:

• Jobs are no longer secure; workers are hired only during peak seasons.
• Long working hours and regular night shifts are imposed.
• Wages are low, forcing workers to work overtime to survive.
• Workers lose benefits like health insurance, provident fund, and paid overtime.
• Organised sector workers increasingly face conditions similar to the unorganised sector.

Source: Globalisation and the Indian Economy, Chapter 4

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This question targets the passage on garment workers and flexible employment. Examiners expect:

1. Why employers cut costs (MNC pressure for cheap goods).
2. How — through temporary/flexible hiring.
3. At least 3 consequences for workers (job insecurity, long hours, low wages, loss of benefits).

Sushila's example can be briefly cited but isn't mandatory. Avoid vague statements — use specific terms like "flexible employment," "temporary workers," and "organised vs. unorganised sector."