Q1. [3] deep thorough-understanding
Globalisation has created new job opportunities in India, particularly in IT-enabled services and export-oriented industries. Yet many workers and labour rights groups argue that workers have not received a fair share of the gains from globalisation. Do you agree with this view? Justify your answer with specific examples.
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-26 13:28 · grounding rag
Model Answer
Yes, I agree with this view. Globalisation has created gains but workers have not received a fair share.
Examples:
- In the garment export industry, workers like Sushila (35, Delhi) lost permanent jobs and now work as temporary workers, earning less than half their earlier wages, with no health insurance or provident fund.
- Workers face long hours (7:30 a.m.–10 p.m.), no weekly off, and forced overtime just to survive.
- MNCs maximise profits by pressuring Indian exporters to cut labour costs, while workers bear the burden.
As the textbook states, "people with education, skill and wealth have made the best use of the new opportunities," leaving ordinary workers behind.
Source: Chapter 4 — Competition and Uncertain Employment; The Struggle for a Fair Globalisation
---
Explanation
- The examiner expects you to take a clear position (yes/no) and justify with specific examples — here, Sushila's case is the textbook's own example, so use it directly.
- Mention the contrast: MNCs gain, workers lose — this shows analytical understanding.
- Avoid vague statements; name the industry (garments) and specific losses (no PF, health insurance, temporary employment).
- The closing quote ties your answer back to the source, which examiners appreciate as it shows textbook grounding.