Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

The common underlying cause is the unequal power relationship between the two parties involved. In the marketplace, large companies and traders are powerful while individual consumers are scattered and weak. Similarly, in the unorganised sector, employers hold power over workers who have little choice but to accept low wages and unsafe conditions.

Recognising this shared cause helps us understand that both groups — consumers and unorganised workers — cannot protect themselves through individual action alone. They are vulnerable to exploitation precisely because they lack bargaining power. This is why rules, regulations, and legal protection by the government become essential for both groups to ensure fairness and prevent exploitation.

Source: The Consumer in the Marketplace, Chapter 5

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• The examiner expects you to identify the common cause (power imbalance) and then link it to both groups — don't just describe exploitation separately.
• The passage directly states that "markets do not work in a fair manner when producers are few and powerful whereas consumers purchase in small amounts and are scattered," and similarly that unorganised workers "have to work at a low wage and accept conditions that are not fair."
• For 3 marks: one point identifying the cause, one explaining how it applies to each group, one on why legal protection follows. Keep it tight — about 70–80 words is ideal.