Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

World Trade Organisation (WTO): WTO is an international organisation started at the initiative of developed countries. Its aim is to liberalise international trade. It establishes rules regarding international trade and ensures these rules are followed. About 160 countries are its members.

Stated Objectives: WTO aims to allow free trade for all countries by removing barriers to foreign trade and investment.

Criticism from Developing Countries: In practice, developed countries have unfairly retained trade barriers. WTO rules forced developing countries to remove trade barriers, but developed nations (e.g., the US) continue giving massive subsidies to their farmers. This allows developed-country farmers to sell at abnormally low prices, harming farmers in developing countries — making trade neither free nor fair.

Role of Government and People's Organisations:

• Government can implement labour laws, support small producers, and use trade barriers when necessary.
• It can negotiate at WTO for fairer rules and align with other developing countries.
• People's organisations through campaigns and representations have influenced WTO decisions, demonstrating that citizens too can push for fair globalisation.

Source: Chapter 4, World Trade Organisation; The Struggle for a Fair Globalisation

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Examiners look for: (1) a clear one-line definition of WTO, (2) its stated aim, (3) the specific criticism with an example (US farm subsidies), and (4) at least 2–3 distinct roles each for government and people's organisations. The US cotton/farm subsidy example is the textbook's key illustration — always include it. Don't write a general essay on globalisation; stay focused on WTO and fairness.