[short_answer] A firm in Mumbai designs software for a client in New York. The client reviews work online, requests changes via video call, and pays through internet banking — all without either party leaving their office. Identify the key features of information and communication technology that make this possible. Would such a workflow have been feasible in 1970? Give reasons.
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-26 13:27 · grounding rag
Model Answer
Key features of ICT that make this possible:
- Internet enables instant sharing of software files and project data across countries.
- Telecommunication (video calls) allows real-time communication and review of work without physical meetings.
- E-banking (Internet banking) enables instant international payments.
These features allow services to be produced and delivered globally without physical movement of people or goods.
Feasibility in 1970 — No, it would not have been feasible.
In 1970, the Internet, video calling, and e-banking did not exist. International communication relied on slow postal mail or costly trunk calls. Software could not be transmitted digitally. Hence, such a workflow was impossible.
Source: Chapter 4 — Globalisation and the Indian Economy, "Factors that have Enabled Globalisation — Technology"
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Explanation
- Examiners want you to name specific ICT features (Internet, telecom/video call, e-banking) — not just say "technology."
- The 1970 comparison is worth marks: link it directly to the absence of these technologies.
- The textbook's Delhi–London magazine example is the closest parallel; use the same logic for the Mumbai–New York scenario.
- Avoid over-writing — three ICT points + a two-line 1970 answer is exactly right for 3 marks.