Q1. [3] medium thorough-understanding
A garment worker sews clothes in a small unregistered workshop, while a software engineer writes code for a large IT firm. In what TWO ways do their working conditions fundamentally differ, and which sector classification — organised or unorganised — applies to each? Justify your answer.
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-26 13:25 · grounding rag
Model Answer
Two fundamental differences:
- Job security and benefits: The software engineer works in the organised sector — she enjoys fixed hours, paid leave, provident fund, and legal protections. The garment worker has no such benefits; earnings are irregular and the job is insecure.
- Registration and regulation: The IT firm is registered with the government and follows labour laws, while the garment workshop is unregistered and can evade these laws, exploiting workers with very low wages.
Sector classification:
- Garment worker → Unorganised sector (small, unregistered workshop, no legal protection).
- Software engineer → Organised sector (large registered firm, regulated working conditions).
Source: Sectors of the Indian Economy, Chapter 2 — How to Protect Workers in the Unorganised Sector
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Explanation
Examiners expect you to name both sectors correctly and link each person to a specific feature — registration status and job benefits/security are the two clearest contrasts the textbook draws. Avoid vague language like "good conditions vs bad conditions"; use terms like registered, job security, provident fund, irregular earnings, unregistered. The justification clinches the marks.