Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

The mismatch reveals that the primary sector, mainly agriculture, suffers from disguised unemployment (underemployment). More workers are engaged in farming than actually needed, so their labour is divided and productivity per worker remains very low — they appear employed but are not fully utilised.

The expected shift has not occurred because the secondary and tertiary sectors did not generate enough jobs to absorb the surplus agricultural workforce. Although industrial output rose about nine times, industrial employment rose only about three times; similarly, service sector production rose 14 times but employment only five times. Since alternative job opportunities remained scarce, workers had no choice but to stay in agriculture.

Source: Chapter 2 — Sectors of the Indian Economy; "Where are most of the people employed?"

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• Key concept to name: disguised unemployment / underemployment — examiners expect this term.
• Data to use: the textbook's own figures (9× industrial output vs 3× employment; 14× services output vs 5× employment) directly answer the "why" part — use them.
• Don't write: long definitions of all three sectors; keep focus on the two parts of the question — what the mismatch reveals and why the shift didn't happen.
• 3-mark questions need roughly 3 distinct points — here: (1) disguised unemployment, (2) slow job growth in secondary sector, (3) slow job growth in tertiary sector.