Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

(a) Economic Reasons:

Unorganised sector workers face low, irregular wages and no job security. Since the 1990s, many organised sector workers have also been pushed into unorganised jobs due to retrenchment. Rural workers like landless agricultural labourers, small and marginal farmers, and sharecroppers need support through timely credit, seeds, storage, and marketing facilities. Urban workers such as casual construction workers, street vendors, and garment makers need help with raw material supply and market access. Without such support, their low earnings limit purchasing power, slowing economic growth.

(b) Social Dimensions:

Workers from scheduled castes, scheduled tribes, and backward communities are disproportionately concentrated in the unorganised sector. Beyond economic hardship, they face social discrimination, making their marginalisation worse. Protecting these groups addresses inequality and exclusion, which are social issues beyond wages alone. Without tackling both dimensions, inclusive development remains incomplete.

Source: "How to Protect Workers in the Unorganised Sector?", Chapter 2 — Sectors of the Indian Economy

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• The examiner expects both parts answered with specific examples from the text — landless labourers, sharecroppers, artisans (rural); street vendors, construction workers, garment makers (urban).
• The key social point is SC/ST/OBC discrimination — don't miss this; it's the textbook's own language.
• Avoid generic answers; always link groups to their specific needs (credit, seeds, raw material, marketing).
• "Nearly 80% of rural households are small/marginal farmers" is a useful statistic to include if space allows.