Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

Per capita income alone is an insufficient measure of development because it does not reflect how income is distributed among people, nor does it account for other important aspects like health status, literacy rate, and quality of life. For example, Kerala has a lower per capita income than Haryana but has far better infant mortality rate (6 vs. 28) and literacy rate (94% vs. 82%). Thus, development must consider income along with health and education indicators.

Source: Chapter 1 — Income and Other Criteria; Human Development Report

---

• The examiner expects two clear limitations of per capita income: (1) it hides inequality in distribution, and (2) it ignores non-income factors like health and education.
• Support with the Kerala–Haryana example from the textbook — this is the go-to illustration CBSE expects.
• Don't just say "it is not enough" — state why with evidence.
• The UNDP/HDI point (health + education + income) strengthens the answer for full marks.