Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

Ideological differences between parties ensure debate, accountability, and representation of diverse views — all essential for a healthy democracy.

Indian National Congress (INC): Follows a secular, welfare-oriented ideology promoting inclusive growth and social justice for all sections of society.

Bharatiya Janata Party (BJP): Is guided by Integral Humanism and cultural nationalism, emphasizing Hindutva and strong national identity.

When parties with differing ideologies compete, citizens get genuine choices, the ruling party is held accountable, and a variety of interests receive political representation — strengthening democratic functioning.

Source: Democratic Politics, Chapter 4

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• The examiner expects you to define/link ideological difference to democracy (1 mark), then give two parties with their distinct ideologies (1 mark each) — total 3 marks.
• BJP's guiding philosophy "Integral Humanism" is directly from the textbook (Exercise Q.9); use it precisely.
• Keep the link back to democracy explicit (accountability, choice, representation) — that's what earns the first mark.
• Do not list long party histories; one crisp ideology statement per party is enough.