Q1. [1] straightforward initial-understanding
Which of the following best describes the relationship between democracy and economic inequality?
(A) Democratic countries always have low income inequality because citizens vote for fair distribution.
(B) High economic inequality can exist within democracies, and the degree varies significantly across countries.
(C) Democracies guarantee that the poorest 20% of the population receives at least 20% of national income.
(D) Economic inequality is found only in newly established democracies, not in well-established ones.
- A Democratic countries always have low income inequality because citizens vote for fair distribution.
- B High economic inequality can exist within democracies, and the degree varies significantly from country to country.
- C Democracies guarantee that the bottom 20% of the population receives at least 20% of national income.
- D Economic inequality is found only in newly established democracies, not in well-established ones.
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-26 13:18 · grounding rag
Model Answer
(B) High economic inequality can exist within democracies, and the degree varies significantly from country to country.
Explanation
The passage (Table 2) clearly shows that democracies like South Africa and Brazil have extreme inequality (top 20% earns 60%+), while Denmark and Hungary are far more equal. This directly rules out options A, C, and D, which make absolute or false claims. Examiners expect you to identify the option supported by textbook evidence.