Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

This illustrates the horizontal distribution of power (separation of powers and checks and balances) among different organs of government — the legislature, executive, and judiciary.

In this arrangement, each organ operates at the same level but exercises different powers, ensuring no single organ has unlimited authority. Although judges are appointed by the executive, they can strike down unconstitutional laws made by the legislature. This system of checks and balances prevents arbitrariness, protects citizens' rights, and ensures that power is not misused by any one organ.

Source: Chapter 1, Forms of power-sharing

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• Key term to use: "Horizontal distribution of power" and "checks and balances" — examiners specifically look for these.
• The question has two parts: name the principle + why it is necessary. Address both clearly.
• The necessity angle should mention: prevents unlimited/arbitrary power, protects constitutional rights, ensures accountability.
• Avoid writing about federalism (vertical division) — that is a different form.