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Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

AI-generated practice question — model-generated for extra practice, not a previous-year CBSE board question.

Q1. [1] medium thorough-understanding
[mcq] Which of the following best explains why amending the fundamental power-sharing provisions of a federal constitution requires approval from both the central government and the state governments? (A) Because the central government is always more powerful and must seek the consent of weaker state governments before making any change. (B) Because each level of government has constitutionally guaranteed authority that neither level can unilaterally alter or take away. (C) Because in a federation the states created the constitution and therefore retain the sole power to amend it. (D) Because all constitutional amendments must first be approved by the Supreme Court before they can take effect.
  1. A Because the central government always has more power than the states and must protect them.
  2. B Because each level of government has constitutionally guaranteed authority that cannot be taken away by the other level alone.
  3. C Because the courts must approve all constitutional changes before they can take effect.
  4. D Because federations are formed only through voluntary coming-together of independent states.
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-26 13:16 · grounding rag
Model Answer

Answer: (B)

In a federation, the jurisdictions and authority of each level of government are constitutionally guaranteed, so the fundamental power-sharing provisions cannot be unilaterally changed by one level alone — consent of both levels is required.

Explanation

The textbook (Chapter 2, "What is Federalism?") explicitly states: "The fundamental provisions of the constitution cannot be unilaterally changed by one level of government. Such changes require the consent of both the levels of government." This is a key feature of federalism. Option A is wrong because federal constitutions don't rest on a power hierarchy of protection; Option C is wrong because states don't hold sole amendment power; Option D is wrong because Supreme Court approval is not a precondition for amendments (courts act as umpires in disputes, not approvers of amendments).

Previous-year CBSE Grade 10 board exam questions, organised by subject and chapter, each with a model answer — free to read and print.