Q1. [1] straightforward initial-understanding
Which of the following correctly describes a 'vertical' division of power?
((A)) Power is shared equally between the legislature, executive, and judiciary.
((B)) Power is divided among governments at different levels — central, state, and local.
((C)) Power is shared among different political parties through coalition governments.
((D)) Power is distributed among various social groups and minorities.
- A The legislature, executive and judiciary each exercising separate powers at the same level of government.
- B Power distributed between a central/federal government and state or provincial governments.
- C Different political parties forming a coalition to share power after an election.
- D Reserved constituencies giving minority social groups representation in the legislature.
Generated by claude-sonnet-4-6 · 2026-06-26 13:16 · grounding rag
Model Answer
(B) Power is divided among governments at different levels — central, state, and local.
Explanation
The textbook explicitly defines vertical division of power as division "involving higher and lower levels of government" (Central, State, local) — i.e., federalism. Horizontal division refers to legislature/executive/judiciary at the same level. Options C and D describe power-sharing among political parties and social groups respectively — different forms altogether.