Social Science (087) — AI-generated practice question

Belgian Model: Belgium amended its constitution four times (1970–1993) to accommodate its Dutch, French, and German-speaking communities. Key features include equal representation of linguistic communities in the central government, devolution of powers to regional state governments (not subordinate to the centre), equal representation in Brussels, and separate "community governments" for cultural and educational matters. This model is proactive and power-sharing is constitutionally guaranteed.

Sri Lankan Model: Sri Lanka adopted a majoritarian approach, where the Sinhala-speaking majority imposed its dominance — making Sinhala the official language and favouring Buddhists — excluding Tamils from power. This led to prolonged civil strife and weakened national unity.

Lesson: Belgium shows that respecting diversity through accommodation prevents conflict, while Sri Lanka shows that majority dominance destroys unity. For a diverse democracy, the Belgian model offers a better lesson — constitutionally guaranteed power-sharing builds trust, prevents division, and keeps democracy truly inclusive for all communities.

Source: Chapter 1 (Power Sharing), Chapter 5 (Outcomes of Democracy)

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• Examiners expect a direct comparison followed by a conclusion with justification — not just description.
• Key terms to use: majoritarian, power-sharing, accommodation, constitutional guarantee, community government.
• The opinion question ("which model is better") requires a reasoned stance — state it clearly. Don't be vague.
• Cite both Belgium's success and Sri Lanka's failure as evidence for your conclusion.